Following a nine-month (or so) gestation, birth is our first big “yes” to the lifespan. Many more moments of yes will follow. The body says yes and the mind says yes to our newborn human life. Our cerebellum doubles in volume by three months. The number and density of brain synapses (connections between neurons) grows in dramatic affirmation of our mental potentials.

But then negation comes in the form of synaptic pruning, a cutting away of less used connections in favor of making fewer stronger ones. Yes, no, yes…

We could notice the ebb and flow of yes and no through the years, and even in the moments of our lives from the very start. Babies are a symphony of yeses and nos. A cacophony sometimes.

Think of it, consciousness placed in our tiny selves (the first yes?) as we womb float and then crunch through a canal into a human life, crying “No” all the way! We learn to move, then move to learn. And we start thinking, not in words at first, but in sensory and motor intelligences or schema. Words are learned as we go and added to the mix.

At the center of thought (and actually created by it) is “me”. The infant’s myriad of experiences begins to have a constancy and predictability in a world that truly does seem to revolve around “me”. We are called by a name. My name.

So perhaps there is a second gestation of say 1-24 months. After all, it is said that a sense of “me” is formed over those first couple of years. An ego. And it begins not with a yes but with a resounding NO! No I am not you, I am me! That is not yours, it is mine! For the toddler, no truly comes before yes.

This brand new “me” is glorious and seems to include you and, well, everything. As marvelous as that sounds, it is also pretty scary and feels massively out of control.

Toddlers are big on control.

That brand new me needs external limits set consistently and with love. Thus, the ego is protected, contained and at least partly stabilized toward autonomy. Children need those external boundaries that model the internal ones they will erect. Boundaries, inside and out, hold the “me” and prevent the “you” from swallowing me. Children could learn to trust trustworthy others and begin to feel safe in their world.

What then? Growing up, we all start to believe in “me”; in its solidity and reality. Each sensation and perception and thought is mine. And it is all “me”, an illusion increasingly understood as a function of brain regions dedicated to the theme of my mind; my body.

There is little doubt as to the survival value of higher cortical functions like planning, tool making and language in its various forms. And we should put the individual, the ego, in that same category of evolutionary advantage. The illusion of a “me”, separate from everything else, is an adaptation that gains momentum over our lives.

But maybe, at this juncture of human history, the advantage is disappearing.

It seems that after several hundred thousand years, more or less, our individualism has developed to the extreme. One could argue that besides reason, love and empathy, we have all become masters of poisons like greed, hatred and ignorance in ten thousand forms and ways. Modern economic systems, armies and media all seem to double-down on those poisons.

What to do?

Maybe recognize what we forgot long ago or never fully understood. That my thoughts do not come from me, but rather, a me-illusion develops from all my thinking (and emoting and perceiving). But I am not my thoughts. Illusions and opinions should not be taken too seriously. With that a fluidity emerges…a flow. Like a river that is always the same and never the same and where egos evaporate. The river sound holds our collective experience, every yes and every no of everyone.

Listen: Flow.

Buddhist psychology describes the so-called Eight Worldly Dharmas. Sometimes expressed as the Eight Worldly Concerns, they are: Pleasure and pain; fame and disgrace; praise and blame; gain and loss. We want the former and eschew the latter. Of course!


But maybe there is a little more to it.


Chasing a desired outcome seems logical enough except when the chase intensifies into preoccupation, greed and even obsession. And eschewing undesired conditions is likewise reasonable, except when the push becomes frantic, aggressive and harmful. The worldly concerns are potent elixirs that hook us into rapacity for more or desperation for less. We become insatiable for one. And we hate the other.


Attachment to outcomes wanted or unwanted is worth investigating. Circumstances forever come our way and with circumstance comes concern. Just noticing conditions might better suit us rather than concerned clinging (or averting) in relation to them. Imagine noticing pleasure, fame, praise and gain without attaching to those experiences. Further imagine a mindfulness over pain, disgrace, blame, and loss without frenetic pushing away.


We could feel the essence of these qualities as they pass. No holding on; no pushing way. No apathy either. Fully engaged. Fully letting go. As in the Prayer: to dwell in the great equanimity, free from grasping, averting and indifference.

What’s important? That which we value. And reflecting on values is time well spent!


Mindfulness allows for an understanding of priorities in mind/heart and behavior. When these match up it is called values synchrony. And when they are discrepant, values asynchrony. Sometimes there are surprises:


Valuing peace but habituated to conflict. Believing in honesty, but resorting to people pleasing fibs. Valuing integrity, but failing to root out self-deception. Desiring an open mind only to find it shutting down when challenged. Confusing compassion with toxic codependency. These discrepancies invite us to figure things out…and grow.


As individuals form couples, the challenges multiply. Interestingly, many courtships and early friendships over focus on amusement with nary a conversation on what each person truly believes and values.

Beyond the infatuation stage, emergent conflicts may be rooted in those values- that were never discussed. Weekends can become a tug of war on what to do and when, as couples fail to notice different and strongly held beliefs about work, leisure, ambition and relaxation. What happens when one person values adventure over security, when the other holds the opposite view?


Couples often make children and larger families, and when their shared values are in synch these values become the rules, rituals and responsibilities providing the necessary structure to build a family. But conflicting values can promote disagreement, double binds and inconsistency in family operations. One parent says right while the other says wrong. Children become confused and may learn to game the system, pitting parents against each other. Some moms and dads give up and give in to an overly permissive approach. Others resort to authoritarian and rigid controls. The kids from these families suffer the consequences.


So why not take a mindful approach to assessing values now? Notice how mind/heart and behavior are in synch, or not. Seek to understand the values of people important to you. Celebrating common values is no more important than understanding differences. And accepting both.

Thunderwhisper.

A cloud bank kissed her,

The backside of a mountain distant.

I’m crowned in mist,

Return the kiss.

Thunderwhisper.

The very active mind is common, and in today’s overactive world perhaps triggered all the more. Meditation practices assist in calming such a mind and gaining insight into one’s life. Out of an old Taoist tradition, and later painted by a Chinese Buddhist master, the Oxherding pictures offer some symbolic and ultimately practical advice. What follows are some thoughts on this classic story.

We are oxherders, all of us. Seekers, with or without knowing it. We have lost our mind. Lost the ox. We must track it and catch it. Old habits (poisons) of greed, ill-will and ignorance disrupt our efforts. We must find and tame the ox nevertheless. Once found, whips ands ropes are brought to the cause. Over time, the old fears and frustrations fade and as if by magic, the ox is forgotten. Serenity. Transcendence and returning to our roots. There is no separation. The two are one. The ordinary life and enlightenment.

The focus here lands midway in this story: Whips and ropes. The meditation challenge of taming the ox. Many fine teachers, well known and obscure have shed light on those whips and ropes, the taming, in the path toward serenity and transcendence. If the serene state is represented as open, precise and gentle awareness, then taming might begin with a simple and relentless counting of breaths. Just to ten (or even 5) and back to one. Maybe we rope in the effort with a kind of labeling or noting of concurrent sensations: buttocks on bench; chest rise and fall; ticking clock. All of this quieting the mind and its many, many thoughts.

In especially difficult times, lightly touching thumbs could be parted as one thumb is gripped tight by the other hand. Squeeze for a few momewnts. Whips and ropes.

And taming reveals the pauses and gaps between breaths. And between thoughts. Dichotomies disappear. Two become one. Serenity.

Robert Fettgather is an instructor of Psychology at Mission College in Santa Clara, CA. He is interested in human behavior and observing people.

People watching, the art of observing others in public spaces, can be both entertaining and enlightening. It allows us to gain insights into human behavior, emotions, and interactions. Whether you’re an aspiring writer, psychologist, or simply enjoy the curious observation of others, these tips will help you make the most of your people watching experiences.

Always respect the privacy of others by maintaining a discreet distance and avoiding invasive stares. People watching should never feel like an intrusion into someone’s personal space. Aim to be inconspicuous and blend into the surroundings

Location, location, location! Select a spot that offers a vantage point without being too conspicuous. Ideal locations include parks, cafes, public transport, airports or bustling city squares. Places with diverse crowds will provide a broader range of behaviors to observe

While people watching can be intriguing, remember that you are only observing a snippet of someone’s life. Avoid making sweeping judgments or assumptions based on limited observations. Empathy is crucial in people watching. Try to put yourself in the shoes of the individuals you are observing, understanding their emotions, and motivations behind their actions. And remember, the purpose of people watching is to learn and appreciate the diversity of human behavior, not to confirm preconceived notions.

So, next time you find yourself in a public space, take a moment to sit back, observe, and appreciate the fascinating world of people watching.

This video is an introduction to my college course:

Sometimes hopelessness interfaces with depression to produce states of extreme despair and can signal a potential for suicide. On the other hand, to be without hope can create the space for a fresh start– as failed attempted life solutions based on false hope are released, some wake up to new and promising alternatives.

How might we think about such an apparent contradiction?

One might begin by examining the deceptions of false hope which are too often replete with failed logic and avoidance of hard truths. After all, hoping to gain entrance into a college, internship or job without possessing the required qualifications will likely not bring that hope to reality. Difficult emotions may arise in the form of deep disappointment and resentment. When this approach repeats, the pattern is the essence of self-defeat.

Let’s next consider hopelessness not as a problem but as a kind of solution. Tibetan Buddhist tradition advances the practice of mind training or Lojong. Usually attributed to Atisha, it includes 59 “slogans”- some easy to understand, others not so much. One in particular is germane to this discussion: “abandon all hope of fruition”. Generally, this saying is interpreted as giving up hope for a certain result. It has been suggested, from the Buddhist view, that we are better off letting go of all attachment to the (self-serving) results of our efforts.

Making the effort without getting caught up in over-thinking the results can open us up. Those false hopes for impossible outcomes could drift away- a more honest approach.

So we might contrast false hope with honest hope: truthful hopes; authentic hopes. Hopes informed by rationality and even wisdom are sometimes smaller than their grandiose and false counterparts. But what a wonderful place to start.

Growing up, a frightened child is met by an empathic adult who provides comfort- or not. Likewise, the sad child seems to engender a caring response-or not. Growing up, the mad or rebellious child might evoke an angry adult response in even the best of parents- or not. These patterns repeat inside as we tend to do ourselves what was done to us- for better or worse.


Let’s focus on what’s needed. The scared child within needs a calm adult compassion to hold them and their real or imagined fears. The despondent inner child needs empathy and love. Trickier, the mad or rebellious child inside might at first evoke an angry response (as when our parents responded to our anger with their own). Bringing patience and love to the angry child within is a worthwhile practice. With unconditional acceptance and love we meet that child inside in whatever state of mind and heart they present. From there we reassure and guide in a process sometimes called re-parenting. With re-parenting, the ego adaptations of the adapted child become less necessary and habitual. They are artifacts of a past that no longer exists. The natural child is experienced more fully and remains our closest connection to the divine and the eternal.


But what if we meet inner fears and frustrations, not with acceptance, but with more of the same? What if we beat ourselves up (adult beating up inner child)? Then the adapted child within is at risk for solidifying through our adult years into a kind of false self far from our divine origins. Adult and rational sensibilities fade and we are age-regressed- children in the adult body. Disagreements become playground fights. Genuine hopes become unrealistic fantasies and bitter disappointments. The rigid egocentricity of “me” seems fixed and we struggle with life, and with the inevitability of death.


And what dies? Surely not the divine. Our spiritual reality is that the universe and earth that birthed us is naturally and divinely alive within our whole lives. Perhaps the natural child was born with this knowledge of eternity- specifically, that a part of each of us existed before birth and will exist after our deaths. The natural child and wise adult identify with the divine and engage dying and death with a tender acceptance. But for the adult with a lifelong identification with the adapted child, those habitual defenses and ruminations are misunderstood as the one and only “me”-separate from all else. And that self dreads death and rightly so because “me” will certainly end as the body passes.


What to make of these ramblings?


Maybe that the “adapted” part of us that struggles with death is to be accepted and comforted-for that part will indeed die and deserves our compassion. And, to remember everyday that the “natural” part of us, the divine, existed before we were born, exists within us now, and exists for all eternity after our death.

We all come from this 4.5 billion year old home called earth. And we are, as the astronomers say, star stuff…and as the singers chant, stardust! The possibility of our existence relies on atoms formed forever ago in colossal stars. We floated our first nine months in amniotic fluid that bears a salinity resemblance to the oceans (2% and 3%, respectively). There is divinity in an infant’s eyes!


We are matter become conscious.


This brief two-part essay will focus on what happens next invoking principles of Transactional Analysis and a little Buddhism (I claim no special expertise in either and these interpretations are my own).


So from floating, we go to birthing into families and societies that demand a certain degree of conformity and therein resides our challenge. After that physical birth comes a kind of psychological gestation and birth of the ego or “me”. Under ideal conditions, the child develops qualities of spontaneity, curiosity and self-appreciation. Alternatively and under less auspicious circumstances, the child may become overly conforming, rebellious or suppressive, and lacking in self-confidence. In Transactional Analysis terms, these represent the natural and the adapted child ego states, respectively.


Auspicious or not, upbringing matters. We may tend to do to ourselves what was done to us, a karmic repetition of the past. We parent ourselves much like we were parented. Intra-psychically, we may nurture and guide those childlike energies within. Or we may reject, abandon or abuse that child inside as our parents/caregivers once did.


This binary model does not quite capture the nature of the natural/adapted dynamic. Circumstance blends these qualities with a fluidity that sometimes shifts from day to day from more natural to more adapted and back. Still, those shifts veer mostly one way or the other. With adolescence these characteristics inform identity development and the transition to adulthood. But within, the child remains.


The concept of the “inner child” is well known in popular culture and makes for some pretty humorous comedic skits. Long before that, Carl Jung identified a divine child archetype. And in the latter decades of the twentieth century, some psychologists began to use this concept in psychotherapy and hypnotherapy- premised on the existence of an inner child that is quite alive in the adult psyche. And, some Buddhist teachers have embraced a meditation practice for showing loving kindness toward the child within.

So how does all this fit together?